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(B) In Rutherford's experiment,the deflection of $\alpha$-particles is caused by the electrostatic repulsion between the positively charged nucleus an

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The deflection of $\alpha$-particles would be less.

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(B) In Rutherford's experiment,the deflection of $\alpha$-particles is caused by the electrostatic repulsion between the positively charged nucleus and the $\alpha$-particles.Heavier atoms (like gold,$Z = 79$) have a higher nuclear charge compared to lighter atoms (like Aluminium,$Z = 13$).Since the repulsive force is directly proportional to the nuclear charge $(F \propto Z_1 Z_2)$,using a foil of lighter atoms results in a significantly weaker repulsive force.Therefore,the deflection of $\alpha$-particles would be much less compared to the results obtained with heavy metal foils.

In Rutherford's experiment,generally the thin foil of heavy atoms,like gold,platinum etc. have been used to be bombarded by the $\alpha$-particles. If the thin foil of light atoms like Aluminium etc. is used,what difference would be observed from the above results?

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